Principe-29

At the edge of Africa, in São Tomé and Príncipe

I

had been aware of Príncipe's relentless rain, but now, from the air, I grasp its magic. As the plane glides through thick tropical clouds, volcanic peaks punch through the velvety jungle and frame the azure waters below. As the plane's wings tip towards the runway, the island’s wild, honey-colored sand beaches come into sight as if they were the planet’s last pure and undisturbed piece of paradise.

The plane's wings tip towards the runway. The million-year-old mountains adorned with wild, honey-colored sand beaches come into sight as if the planet’s last pure and undisturbed piece of paradise.

The smaller volcanic island in the two-island nation-state archipelago of São Tomé and Príncipe in the Gulf of Guinea, Príncipe, is truly isolated. It lies 130 miles off Africa’s West Coast—120 miles from the jungles of Gabon, south of the colorful energy of Nigeria, and a world away from every safari tent and beach resort you have ever known. With a population of 206,000, it’s Africa’s second-smallest nation (in area, too) after the Seychelles, and one of the least visited. Reaching Príncipe is an adventure in itself. Travel by sea is not recommended. I layover in Lisbon before embarking on a six-hour flight via Accra, the oil-rich capital of Ghana, to São Tomé. The final 35-minute leg to Principe is canceled by the local airline. It takes four days until I can catch the next one.
Principe-20
A Fisherman in Principe
Principe-02
Roca Sundy Plantation
Principe-04
Santo Antonio in Principe
I arrive at Principe’s tiny airport, a modest building nestled in the bush. The ride to my hotel bumps along a red-earth road, flanked by impenetrable jungle. My driver explains that Príncipe has only a few miles of asphalt paving, much of which has succumbed to the frequent torrential rains, reverting to muddy paths. He stops the car a few times to pull cocoa fruits from the trees and hand them to my two children. Along the way, I spot small papaya plantations. Women, some with babies tied to their waists, carry baskets of bananas on their heads, or clothes freshly washed in the stream. Small black pigs snuffle beneath modest wooden homes, and dogs lounge on the road, rising to greet passing cars. There are no signs of tourism here; I have a sense of how far I have come to the edge of Africa.

Located just a few hundred miles east of the equator and the prime meridian—the theoretical center of the globe—its rainforests boast more endemic species per square mile than the Galapagos or any other place on Earth.

At first glance, Principe epitomizes Africa’s most enchanting vision—a mysterious, tropical fairytale of pristine perfection. I hear from another traveler that in 2006, a National Geographic expedition discovered 60 new fish species here, including 10 that were entirely unknown to science.  Isolated from continental influences, the island has nurtured a unique biodiversity—its rainforests boast more endemic species per square mile than the Galapagos or any other place on Earth—and since 2012, it has been recognized as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve. Nature’s abundance is so vast that we cannot traverse half the island—the dense forests offer no paths, and some areas remain unexplored. Its main settlement of Santo António has fewer than 9,000 residents, predominantly subsistence farmers and fishermen. Here, most people walk or bike, and there are scarcely any shops—just one bank and a single supermarket.
Principe-06
Principe-29

 

Historically, Príncipe remained uninhabited until Portuguese arrival in 1470, when it was incorporated into their empire. Lacking an indigenous population, the Portuguese brought enslaved Africans to cultivate its fertile volcanic soils. Once a major sugar and cacao producer, the island was also a key slave trading post between Portugal and Brazil. Though slavery was abolished in 1875, forced labor persisted for decades. Following independence in 1975, Príncipe fell into poverty and neglect.
 
However, since 2010, São Tomé and Príncipe residents have gained hope for a brighter future, thanks to Mark Shuttleworth, a South African tech entrepreneur who fell in love with the island. He founded HBD Príncipe, an ecotourism and agroforestry initiative named after the phrase “Here Be Dragons,” once used by early explorers to denote uncharted territories. With four properties—Sundy Praia, Roça Sundy (once the largest cacao plantation turned hotel), Bom Bom on Príncipe, and Omali on São Tomé—along with a $100 million investment, HBD has become the nation’s largest employer, driving a low-impact tourism model that benefits the economy, community, and environment.
Principe-13
Principe-01
 
At both Bom Bom and Sundy Praia, each vastly different from the other, I indulge in the rare sensation of unhurried time that defines Principe. Bom Bom is a modest resort on the northern shore, recently refurbished, perched between two gorgeous beaches where I love to stroll during majestic sunsets. Sundy Praia, on the other hand, is HBD’s flagship property—featuring 15 luxury tents nestled among the trees along the shoreline. No matter where I am, life here unfolds at a slower, more deliberate pace. In São Tomé, the common phrase is “leve-leve”—meaning “slowly, slowly”—to encourage a relaxed approach to life. In Principe, I embrace the locals’ “móle-móle,” a pace so gentle that even “slowly, slowly” can feel hurried. There is rarely a need to do much; simply waking up to the songs of rare birds is an experience in itself. As one of the waiters at Bom Bom tells me, “Because time stands still here.” Móle-móle has clearly got to her. My eagerness to explore every corner of the island clashes with this leisurely rhythm, prompting me to adjust my expectations and take it easy.
 
I am traveling with my husband and our three-year-old twin girls, who bravely accompany every adventure we undertake. They endure rainstorms, rugged terrain, and seem to adapt effortlessly to the island’s raw nature. During our stay in Principe, we set out on motorized canoe trips to explore the surroundings. Heading west from Bom Bom, we follow the island’s rugged contours, passing lush jungles within the Principe Biosphere Reserve. Coastal fishing villages line our route as we approach Baía das Agulhas, or Bay of Needles—a striking cluster of towering phonolite lava formations, punctuated by coves and jagged volcanic spikes rising nearly 1,000 meters above sea level. Cloaked in dense primary rainforest, these peaks loom eerily, their summits swirling with mist, creating an almost mystical atmosphere.
 
Another day, we venture along the coast, traveling west and south past pristine beaches like Praia Banana and Praia Boi—turquoise waters, swaying palms, and utter solitude, accessible only by boat. Our skipper spots a humpback whale, sparking hopes of a close encounter and sending us further out into the ocean. Our little girls remain alert and excited, scanning the horizon for any splash. Though the whale remains elusive, a reminder of the unpredictable dance of nature. On land, we hike through the island’s wild heart in the lush forests of Parque Natural do Príncipe, where we trek to Oquê Pipi, the largest waterfall on the island, in an area rich in endemic plant and bird species. We also visit Ribeira Izé, the ruins of a plantation hidden deep in the forest, now overtaken by palm, oca, and almond trees.
 
Most days, it rains at least once, adding to Príncipe’s lush, enchanting atmosphere. Príncipe is not a destination for everyone; it appeals to the more adventurous traveler. We encounter mostly NGO workers, researchers, and expatriates from neighboring African countries who share a similar thirst for exploration.  We set off to explore Principe’s virgin jungles, but we also join the Sunday mass in the town of Santo Antonio to witness a vibrant spectacle of song and prayer. Without much introduction, my children play and watch the mass alongside the local kids as if they were part of the community. Families gather in colorful dresses and intricate headpieces, men in their finest attire. It feels like immersing ourselves in a swirling chorus of devotion, with dogs wandering in to nap beneath the high altar. In these moments, I feel a profound connection with the islanders—one that transcends our shared language, rooted in a mutual reverence for Principe’s beauty and spirit.
Principe-18
Principe-23
Principe-27
Principe-34

Practical Information

DestinationPríncipe, São Tomé and Príncipe
Best time to visitJune to September (dry season). Avoid October–May which is the rainy season.
Getting thereFly to Lisbon, then TAP Air Portugal to São Tomé (approx. 6 hrs via Accra or direct). A further 35-minute flight on local airline to Príncipe.
Where to stayBom Bom Island Resort — 18 thatched bungalows nestled between two beaches on a tiny islet off northern Príncipe, reached by a wooden bridge. Sundy Praia — HBD's flagship property, 15 luxury tents nestled among the trees along the shoreline. Both operated by Príncipe Collection.
CurrencySão Tomé and Príncipe dobra (STN). Euros widely accepted. Carry cash outside the hotels — ATMs are extremely limited.
LanguagePortuguese
VisaVisa on arrival for most nationalities. Check current requirements before travel.
NotesPríncipe is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve and Africa's first Biosphere Responsible Tourism certified destination. Tourism is low-impact by design. One guided activity per day is included in the room rate at both properties.

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *